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Filter presses are used in many industries for the
dewatering of high solid content, solutions. Filter
presses are simple to operate, are designed to handle
smaller volumes of sludge, and produces an easy to handle
cake. The metal finishing industry quite often uses
filter presses for the dewatering of wastewater solutions
containing metal hydroxides.
Metal hydroxides are the final result of the treatment
of rinse water or spent process baths, from a metal
finishing operation. These hydroxides are concentrated
into a sludge form, in a thickening tank or a clarifier.
This sludge is then pumped via an air diaphragm pump
into the filter press. The sludge is collected on polypropylene
cloths which are attached to each filter plate, and
the filtrate or clear solution passes through.
Filter presses range from 1/2 ft3 to 200 ft3, in sludge
holding capacity. The individual filter plate size,
and the number of filter plates used will dictate the
sludge holding capacity of the press.
Opening and closing mechanisms for filter presses
can either be manual or automatic, using hydraulics.
The hydraulic cylinders also provide the pressure to
keep the filter plate stack together while the sludge
is being pumped into the assembly.
To further reduce the water content of the sludge cake,
sludge dryers can be used. Reductions by as much as
75% can be experienced.
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